Cape Verde (2002)

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Cape Verde 2002 year


Administrative divisions	17 districts (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Calheta, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Nicolau, Sao Filipe, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal
Age structure	0-14 years: 41.9% (male 86,466; female 84,918) 15-64 years: 51.5% (male 100,684; female 109,841) 65 years and over: 6.6% (male 10,363; female 16,488) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish
Airports	9 note: 3 airports are reported to be nonoperational (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 6 3 over 3,047 m: 1 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2002)
Area	total: 4,033 sq km land: 4,033 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; they subsequently became a trading center for African slaves and later an important coaling and resupply stop for whaling and transatlantic shipping. Most Cape Verdeans have both African and Portuguese antecedents. Independence was achieved in 1975.
Birth rate	27.81 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $112 million expenditures: $198 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000)
Capital	Praia
Climate	temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic
Coastline	965 km
Constitution	new constitution came into force 25 September 1992; underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially increasing the powers of the president, and a further revision in 1999, to create the position of national ombudsman (Provedor de Justica)
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Cape Verde conventional short form: Cape Verde local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde local short form: Cabo Verde
Currency	Cape Verdean escudo (CVE)
Death rate	7.01 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$301 million (2000)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Donald C. JOHNSON embassy: Rua Abilio m. Macedo 81, Praia mailing address: C. P. 201, Praia telephone: [238] 61 56 16, 61 56 17 FAX: [238] 61 13 55
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Jose BRITO chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 965-6820 FAX: [1] (202) 965-1207 consulate(s) general: Boston
Disputes - international	none
Economic aid - recipient	$136 million (1999)
Economy - overview	Cape Verde suffers from a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, and public services accounting for 70% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of agriculture in GDP in 2001 was only 11%, of which fishing accounts for 1.5%. About 82% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances supplement GDP by more than 20%. Economic reforms, launched by the new democratic government in 1991, are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Prospects for 2002 depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program.
Electricity - consumption	38.13 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	41 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island)
Environment - current issues	soil erosion; demand for wood used as fuel has resulted in deforestation; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; illegal beach sand extraction; overfishing
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1%
Exchange rates	Cape Verdean escudos per US dollar - 123.556 (January 2002), 115.877 (2000), 102.700 (1999), 98.158 (1998), 93.177 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Pedro PIRES (since 22 March 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 11 and 25 February 2001 (next to be held NA February 2006); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president election results: Pedro PIRES elected president; percent of vote - Pedro PIRES (PAICV) 49.43%, Carlos VIEGA (MPD) 49.42%; note - the election was won by only twelve votes
Exports	0 kWh (2000)
Exports	$27.3 million f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities	fuel, shoes, garments, fish, hides
Exports - partners	Portugal 45%, UK 20%, Germany 20%, Guinea-Bissau 5% (1999)
Fiscal year	calendar year
Flag description	three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands
GDP	purchasing power parity - $600 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 11% industry: 17% services: 72% (2001)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	3% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	16 00 N, 24 00 W
Geography - note	strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site
Highways	total: 1,100 km paved: 858 km unpaved: 242 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs moving from Latin America and Asia destined for Western Europe; the lack of a well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center
Imports	0 kWh (2000)
Imports	$218 million f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels
Imports - partners	Portugal 52%, Germany 7%, France 4%, UK 3% (1999)
Independence	5 July 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%
Industries	food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair
Infant mortality rate	51.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3% (2001)
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2002)
Irrigated land	30 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia
Labor force	NA
Land boundaries	0 km
Land use	arable land: 9.68% permanent crops: 0.5% other: 89.82% (1998 est.)
Languages	Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words)
Legal system	derived from the legal system of Portugal
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held NA December 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PAICV 47.3%, MPD 39.8%, ADM 6%, other 6.9%; seats by party - PAICV 40, MPD 30, ADM 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 69.52 years male: 66.23 years female: 72.91 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 71.6% male: 81.4% female: 63.8% (1995 est.)
Location	Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal
Map references	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,395 GRT/6,614 DWT ships by type: cargo 3, chemical tanker 1 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: United Kingdom 1 (2002 est.)
Military branches	Army, Coast Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$9.3 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.6% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 92,486 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 52,215 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Independence Day, 5 July (1975)
Nationality	noun: Cape Verdean(s) adjective: Cape Verdean
Natural hazards	prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active
Natural resources	salt, basalt rock, limestone, kaolin, fish
Net migration rate	-12.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose Maria Pereira NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES, chairman]; Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Jacinto SANTOS, president]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Agostinho LOPES, president]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Anibal MEDINA, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA
Population	408,760 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	30% (2000)
Population growth rate	0.85% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Mindelo, Praia, Tarrafal
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 15 (and 17 repeaters), shortwave 0 (2002)
Radios	100,000 (2002 est.)
Railways	0 km
Religions	Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs); Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: effective system, being improved domestic: interisland microwave radio relay system with both analog and digital exchanges; work is in progress on a submarine fiber-optic cable system which is scheduled for completion in 2003 international: 2 coaxial submarine cables; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	60,935 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	28,119 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	1 (and 7 repeaters) (2002)
Terrain	steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic
Total fertility rate	3.91 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	21% (2000 est.)
Waterways	none

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